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艰苦奋斗

jiān kǔ fèn dòudictionary entry
DEFINITION CC-CEDICT
to struggle arduously
Sources & editorial notes

Reference definitions: CC-CEDICT contributors and MDBG, CC BY-SA 4.0. Source release 2026-10-27T01:55:52Z. Imported 2026-10-27. Definition wording and meaning order are retained. Recognized pronunciation references are displayed with tone marks; the original source record is available below.

Source record: cd-121b6b7bc5a43968. Source SHA-256: bbc4b27f26bee1a262f4d7939667a040c7857c7fc0200a2fa7a86d3352a09eae.

Original source entry:

艱苦奮鬥 艰苦奋斗 [jian1 ku3 fen4 dou4] /to struggle arduously/

Reference definitions and teaching material have separate provenance.

Reference information

The definitions above are from CC-CEDICT. Examples and usage notes are available on selected entries.

Character information

View the individual characters. Their meanings do not necessarily explain the meaning of the whole word.

Other forms in these source records: 艱苦奮鬥

  • 艰
    jiān

    difficult / hard / hardship

  • 苦
    kǔ

    bitter / hardship / pain / to suffer / to bring suffering to / painstakingly

  • 奋
    fèn

    to exert oneself (bound form)

  • 斗
    dǒu

    dry measure for grain equal to ten 升[shēng] or one-tenth of a 石[dàn] / decaliter / peck / cup or dipper shaped object

    dòu

    to fight / to struggle / to condemn / to censure / to contend / to put together / coming together

    Dǒu

    abbr. for the Big Dipper constellation 北斗星[Běi dǒu xīng]

Reference definitions from CC-CEDICT.