磋 商

cuō shāngdictionary entry

to consult / to discuss seriously / to negotiate / to confer / negotiations / consultations

Sources & editorial notes

Reference definitions: CC-CEDICT contributors and MDBG, CC BY-SA 4.0. Source release 2026-10-27T01:55:52Z. Imported 2026-10-27. Definition wording and meaning order are retained. Recognized pronunciation references are displayed with tone marks; the original source record is available below.

Source record: cd-1296494b6cce13f0. Source SHA-256: bbc4b27f26bee1a262f4d7939667a040c7857c7fc0200a2fa7a86d3352a09eae.

Original source entry:

磋商磋商 [cuo1 shang1] /to consult/to discuss seriously/to negotiate/to confer/negotiations/consultations/

Reference definitions and teaching material have separate provenance.

Reference information

The definitions above are from CC-CEDICT. Examples and usage notes are available on selected entries.

Character information

View the individual characters. Their meanings do not necessarily explain the meaning of the whole word.

磋
cuō
(old) to polish bones, horns, ivory etc into tools / (bound form) to deliberate / to consult
商
shāng
commerce / merchant / dealer / to consult / 2nd note in pentatonic scale / quotient (as in 智商[zhì shāng], intelligence quotient)
Shāng
Shang Dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC) / surname Shang

Reference definitions from CC-CEDICT.