Sources & editorial notes
Reference definitions: CC-CEDICT contributors and MDBG, CC BY-SA 4.0. Source release 2026-10-27T01:55:52Z. Imported 2026-10-27. Definition wording and meaning order are retained. Recognized pronunciation references are displayed with tone marks; the original source record is available below.
Source record: cd-95fe86e1de0db0cd. Source SHA-256: bbc4b27f26bee1a262f4d7939667a040c7857c7fc0200a2fa7a86d3352a09eae.
Original source entry:
悲慘世界 悲惨世界 [Bei1 can3 Shi4 jie4] /Les Misérables (1862) by Victor Hugo 維克多·雨果|维克多·雨果[Wei2 ke4 duo1 · Yu3 guo3]/Source material and teaching drafts have separate provenance. Long-term commercial licensing remains under review.
Reference information
The definitions above are from CC-CEDICT. Examples and usage notes are available on selected entries.
Character information
Other forms in these source records: 悲慘世界
View the individual characters. Their meanings do not necessarily explain the meaning of the whole word.